Cyalith
Cyalith is a bio-based, low-carbon alternative to decorative and conventional ceramic tiles.
Production process
The constituent biopolymer of Cyalith is obtained from photosynthetic [micro]algae - the slime that grows on ponds. The production process incorporates the same steps as traditional ceramic tiles, except without the need for high-energy firing and some other energy-intensive processes.
Material properties
Cyalith has a bioinspired structure similar to sea shells, comprised of about 95% (by mass) naturally occurring calcium carbonate and a biopolymer binder. Bio-based resin is also applied as a coating to seal and protect the tiles. The biopolymer is currently extracted from microalgae, but the company expects to source its ingredients as a waste product from 3rd generation biofuels production or other algae-based biomanufacturing as well.
The circular material is in the final stages of development, as Cyalith aims to meet minimum performance requirements for ceramic tiles according to active European standards (EN 14411). The materials currently meet minimum performance in flexural strength, but work is underway to improve hardness, scratch resistance and resistance to prolonged water exposure.
Availability
Made in the UK.
Circular features
Cyalith is a 100% naturally-derived and bio-inspired material. As it utilizes a similar production process as conventional ceramic tiles, it can easily be a drop-in substitute at these manufacturing facilities, allowing them to produce a much greener (non-fired) alternative without having to invest in new equipment or re-train workforces.
By extracting biopolymers from algae biofuels\biomanufacturing industries, Cyalith can also add value to what would otherwise be a low-value by-product.
The end-of-life management of Cyalith is seamless with recycling and its intrinsic biodegradable property.
Raw Materials
- Naturally-occurring Calcium Carbonate
- Biopolymer obtained from Spirulina algae
- Bio-based resin
Afterlife Plan
- The materials will be fully recyclable in a closed loop, meaning they can be processed into new tiles at Cyalith’s production facilities.
- The tiles are also fully biodegradable, which could be crushed up and scattered on the grass, where they would act as a calcium-rich fertilizer.
- Home compostable
Supplier
Image source: Deakin bio